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Obtención y Evaluación de las Características Seminales del Chigüiro (Hydrochoerus hydrochaeris)
A Góngora,Ricardo Murillo,J Rodríguez,Mónica Rincón-Aranguri
Memorias de la Conferencia Interna en Medicina y Aprovechamiento de Fauna Silvestre, Exótica y no Convencional , 2010,

Abstract: Con el objetivo de obtener y determinar las características del semen de chigüiro (Hydrochoerus hydrochaeris) en animales en confinamiento, catorce animales en un rango de 15 a 45Kg de peso provenientes de cuatro lugares de reubicación de fauna silvestre fueron muestreados en las instalaciones de la Universidad de los Llanos, los cuales fueron sometidos a procedimientos de electroeyaculación, previa restricción física y química. Se logró inducir la eyaculación de 10 ejemplares a través de este método (71,4%). El mayor número de eyaculaciones se obtuvo cuando el voltaje alcanzó un máximo de 6V. En la valoración macroscópica el volumen promedio fue de 135,5μl, el color y olor sui generis, y pH promedio de 8,14, la caracterización microscópica del eyaculado evidenció una motilidad masal de 32,6%, viabilidad de 60,08%, concentración espermática 127 x 106 espermatozoides/mL y porcentaje de anormalidades de 43,9%. Este estudio demostró la posibilidad de obtener muestras seminales en esta especie por el método de electroeyaculación, y a partir de éstas su caracterización, no reportada anteriormente por otros autores.

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Análisis costo-efectividad en depresión,una perspectiva ética: AN ETHICAL PERSPECTIVE
Calderon L,Germán; Oyuela M,Martha Edith; Rincón Roncancio,Mónica;
Revista Latinoamericana de Bioética , 2008,

Abstract: nowadays, the depression is one of the most common and serious problems in mental health care. the health economics analysis are a fundamental tool, in order for decision making health policies and for providing wellbeing to the people, so, they must be evaluated and applied in the best way.

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Evaluación de frecuencias y alturas de corte en tres cultivares Cynodon dactylon, (L.) Pers., en condiciones de bosque muy seco tropical. II: Valor nutritivo
Rojas,Yubizay M; Rincón,José J; Gallardo,Yessica S; Leal,Mónica;
Zootecnia Tropical , 2004,

Abstract: the effect of cutting frequencies in three cultivars of cynodon dactylon was evaluated; 28 days (f1), 42 days (f2) and 56 days (f3) at two cutting heights: 10 cm (a1) and 20 cm (a2). in an experimental design totally at random in a split plot. the three cultivars were: giant (c1), cross-1(c2) and tifton-68 (c3). this evaluation was carried out in the lara state (venezuela), at the coordinated 9° 59' north latitude and 70° 09' longitude west during the dry period (february - august) 2001. six, four and three samplings were done for f1, f2 and f3, respectively. the contents of pc, fdn and fda were determined. the contents of pc showed significant differences among the cutting frequencies, where the 28 cut reports higher values, 13.15, 16.44 and 11.47% for c1, c2 and c3, respectively. there were not observed differences among cutting heights. for fnd contents c1 was similar for the cutting frequencies ranging from 81.40-78.87%, and the cutting heights (81.58%-79.73%). for c2 and c3 it was observed significant differences (p<0.05), higher in f2 and c2 (78.99%) and ranging between 77.31%-77.56% for f1 and f3 in c3. there were not differences for a1 and a2. fad either for heights as for cutting frequencies, expressed differences (p<0.05), showing higher values for f3 with 45.82% and 44.05% for c1 and c2, respectively, and 41.97% in f2 in c3. among cultivars, a2 showed the higher values (p<0.05).

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Efecto de la relación calcio:fósforo en el suelo sobre el crecimiento y nodulación de plantas jóvenes de acacia mangium (willd)1
Rincón,José J.; Gallardo,Yessica; Leal,Mónica; Rojas,Yubisay;
Bioagro , 2003,

Abstract: the growth and nodulation rate of acacia mangium (willd) under nursery conditions was evaluated at four calcium:phosphorus relationships (10:1, 31:1, 44:1 and 133:1) to study the possibility of establishing the plant on the soils of lara state, venezuela. the mentioned relationships were obtained by using limed and non limed soil in combination with or without phosphorus fertilization to produce a factorial arrangement of four treatments in a complete randomized design with four replications. evaluations were performed at 45, 90 and 135 days after sowing. the relation 10:1 (non limed soil, fertilized with phosphorus) at 90 days was superior (p￡ 0.05) to the rest of treatments with 35.25 cm/plant, 0.23 g/plant and 17.50 nodule/plant respectively for the variables of root length, dry matter of root, and nodulation. at 135 days, the same treatment was superior (p￡ 0.05) with 27.00 cm/plant, 39.50 cm/plant, 2.32 g/plant, 1.86 g/plant, 26.50 nodule/plant respectively for the height of the plant, root length, dry matter of aerial part and root, and nodulation. the relationship 10:1 resulted in higher growth and nodulation of a. mangium and a negative effect was produced at increased relationships. it seems that the establishment of the plant in the calcareous soils of lara state may need a precise phosphorus fertilization.

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Efectos de diferentes relaciones de calcio y fósforo en el suelo sobre la nodulación de Acacia mangium (Willd) y Leucaena leucocephala (Lam) de Wit., en condiciones de vivero
Rincón1,José. J; Gallardo,Yessica; Leal,Mónica; Rojas,Yubisay;
Zootecnia Tropical , 2004,

Abstract: the acacia mangium and leucaena leucocephala were evaluated under nursery conditions in different relationships of calcium: phosphorus in the soil [the treatments (ca:p); sse-cp(10:1), sse-sp(31:1), se-cp(44:1) and se-sp(133:1)], on the nodulation (nnod). four experimental units were used by treatments and species in each sampling, to the 45, 90 and 135 days after the seeding, in an experiment completely at random, with arrangement of the treatment in factorial 2x2. the treatment sse-cp, to the 90 days was superior statistically (p<0.05) to the rest of the treatments in a. mangium with 17.50 nodules/plant. to the 135 days, the treatment se-cp it showed significant differences (p<0.05) superiors to the rest of the treatments with means of 26.50 nodules/plant. in l. leucocephala, the number of counted nodules was not affected by the different se relate evaluated calcium:phosphorus, to exception of the treatment sse-sp that presented a value statistically inferior (p<0.05) to the 45 days, to the 135 days the number of nodules did not present statistical differences with the values means range between 48-72.50 nodule/plant. the number of nodules presented means for sampling of 32.50, 78.56 and 58.88 nodule/plant to the 45, 90 and 135 days. in l. leucocephala was not effects of the level of calcium on the nodulation that which if it was observed in a. mangium in the 3 samplings to ph of 5.2.

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Cuantificación de factores bloqueadores mediante el cultivo mixto de linfocitos en conejas reproductoras tratadas con linfoterapia intraespecífica
Manrique Edwin,Rincón Verónica,Ossa Humberto,Rios M. F.
Acta Biológica Colombiana , 2000,

Abstract: EI propósito de esta investigación va dirigido a establecer un modelo experimental de origen animal para profundizar en el conocimiento de los mecanismos de respuesta inmune al aloinjerto fetal y comprobar la existencia de Factores Bloqueadores (Fbs) del Cultiva Mixta de Linfocitos (CML) en grupos de conejas reproductoras subfértiles a quienes se les aplico dos a mas dosis de linfoterapia con el fin de analizar los efectos en la tasa de fertilidad y éxito gestacional. Se cuantificaron los Fbs mediante el CML con ayuda de la técnica no reactiva MTT-Formazan. Se pudo comprobar la existencia de Fbs en conejas reproductoras subfértiles tratadas con Linfoterapia, asf como el aumento en la tasa de fertilidad de las mismas, edemas se estableció que los Fbs de proliferación celular actúan inhibiendo el CML de otras especies. Esto nos indica claramente que el efecto inhibitorio de estos Fbs es interespecífico como se ha afirmado.

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Efecto de la relación calcio:fósforo en el suelo sobre el crecimiento y nodulación de plantas jóvenes de acacia mangium (willd)1 EFFECTS OF THE SOIL CALCIUM:PHOSPHORUS RELATIONSHIP ON GROWTH OF YOUNG PLANTS OF ACACIA MANGIUM (WILLD)
José J. Rincón,Yessica Gallardo,Mónica Leal,Yubisay Rojas
Bioagro , 2003,

Abstract: Se estudió a nivel de vivero la respuesta en crecimiento y nodulación de Acacia mangium (Willd) ante diferentes relaciones de calcio:fósforo en el suelo con la finalidad de aportar información sobre la posibilidad de su establecimiento en los suelos del estado Lara, Venezuela. Se utilizaron las relaciones 10:1, 31:1, 44:1 y 133:1 a partir de suelo encalado o sin encalar combinado en un arreglo factorial con aplicación o no de fósforo. Los cuatro tratamientos fueron evaluados en un arreglo factorial y un dise o completamente al azar con cuatro repeticiones a los 45, 90 y 135 días después de la siembra. El tratamiento con la relación Ca:P de 10:1 (suelo sin encalar y con aplicación de fósforo) a los 90 días fue superior (P ￡ 0,05) al resto de los tratamientos con 35,25 cm/planta, 0,23 g/planta y 17,50 nódulos/planta para las variables de longitud de raíz principal, materia seca de raíces y nodulación, respectivamente. A los 135 días el mismo tratamiento superó (P ￡ 0,05) al resto de los tratamientos con medias de 27,00 cm/planta, 39,50 cm/planta, 2,32 g/planta, 1,86 g/planta, 26,50 nódulos/planta, respectivamente para las variables de altura de planta, longitud de raíz, materia seca de la parte aérea y raíz, y nodulación. Se concluye que una relación Ca:P cercana a 10:1 representa la más favorable para el crecimiento y nodulación en A. mangium y que se produce un efecto negativo sobre estas variables a medida que esta relación aumenta. Así mismo, el establecimiento de la planta pudiera estar restringido en los suelos calcáreos del estado Lara si no se considera la aplicación de fósforo. The growth and nodulation rate of Acacia mangium (Willd) under nursery conditions was evaluated at four calcium:phosphorus relationships (10:1, 31:1, 44:1 and 133:1) to study the possibility of establishing the plant on the soils of Lara State, Venezuela. The mentioned relationships were obtained by using limed and non limed soil in combination with or without phosphorus fertilization to produce a factorial arrangement of four treatments in a complete randomized design with four replications. Evaluations were performed at 45, 90 and 135 days after sowing. The relation 10:1 (non limed soil, fertilized with phosphorus) at 90 days was superior (P￡ 0.05) to the rest of treatments with 35.25 cm/plant, 0.23 g/plant and 17.50 nodule/plant respectively for the variables of root length, dry matter of root, and nodulation. At 135 days, the same treatment was superior (P￡ 0.05) with 27.00 cm/plant, 39.50 cm/plant, 2.32 g/plant, 1.86 g/plant, 26.50 nodule/plant respectively for the he

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Wildlife trading: a conflictive relationship between human and fauna Tráfico de animales silvestres: una conflictiva relación entre los humanos y la fauna
Mónica Mojica Cárdenas,Claudia Victoria Rincón Rivera,ángela Yaneth Landínez Torres
Conexión Agropecuaria JDC , 2012,

Abstract: This study re analyzes the participation of bioethical issues involved in the conflicts that come out from the relationship between humans and wildlife, as a consequence of the smuggling in Colombia. This proposal of theoretical approach characterizes the trade of wildlife in the country. It also describes and analyzes some of the problems associated with this activity. The results showed that there is a lack of knowledge regarding ecosystem elements as well as the existing legislation in this matter. This causes an inappropriate use of the biotic resources. This study also found that the trade of goods from wildlife derived resources can contribute to have a more sustainable environment and to improve the living conditions of the communities involved. To obtain these benefits, it is necessary to develop strategies where the different participants get together and come out with an educational and joint plan that targets preventive measures.It is further proposed that the humanity is directly responsible for safeguarding and the proper use of wildlife, thus, ethical responsibility and authority in this regard should be shared by the human groups affected, as wells as the governmental institutions. This attitude aims to harmonize the conflictive relationship between humans and the biological resources, since this may be the only way to maintain ecosystemic balance and thereby protect the human communities associated. This approach will lead to the preservation of diversity not only in biological but also in cultural terms. Finally, we propose that an ethical intervention of current and future professionals is required, so they can make joint decisions in which the non-human world is also considered. El presente estudio analiza la participación de los aspectos bioéticos en el abordaje de los conflictos que emergen de la relación entre los humanos y la fauna silvestre, producto del tráfico ilegal en Colombia. La propuesta de corte teórico caracteriza el comercio de animales silvestres en el país, además de describir y analizar algunas de las problemáticas asociadas con dicha actividad. Los resultados obtenidos permiten verificar que el desconocimiento del valor intrínseco de los elementos ecosistémicos así como de la legislación existente, ocasionan que los recursos bióticos sean utilizados de manera inadecuada. Asimismo, identifica que el comercio de los bienes derivados de la fauna silvestre, puede contribuir a hacer más viable la conservación de áreas naturales, además de mejorar el bienestar de las poblaciones humanas vinculadas, para lo cual, se requier

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A mucin like gene different from the previously reported members of the mucin like gene families is transcribed in Trypanosoma cruzi but not in Trypanosoma rangeli
Abate, Teresa;Rincón, Mónica;Díaz-Bello, Zoraida;Spencer, Lilian;Rodríguez-Acosta, Alexis;
Memórias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz , 2005, DOI: 10.1590/S0074-02762005000400009

Abstract: trypanosoma cruzi expresses mucin like glycoproteins encoded by a complex multigene family. in this work, we report the transcription in t. cruzi but not in t. rangeli of a mucin type gene automatically annotated by the t. cruzi genome project. the gene showed no nucleotide similarities with the previously reported t. cruzi mucin like genes, although the computational analysis of the deduced protein showed that it has the characteristic features of mucins: a signal peptide sequence, o-glycosylation sites, and glycosylphosphatidylinositol (gpi) anchor sequence. the presence in this gene of n- terminal and c- terminal coding sequences common to other annotated mucin like genes suggests the existence of a new mucin like gene family.

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COMPARACIóN DE DOS MéTODOS USADOS PARA EL RECONOCIMIENTO DE ARRITMIAS:: EXPERIMENTO EDUCATIVO CONTROLADO EN ESTUDIANTES DE MEDICINA
Rincón,David A; Navarro,J. Ricardo; Guzmán,M. Rosario; León,Guillermo A; Ramírez,Mónica; Tenorio,María L; Torres,Oscar J; Zuluaga,Oscar;
Revista Facultad de Medicina de la Universidad Nacional de Colombia , 2007,

Abstract: background. the skill for read arrhythmias is essential in cardiopulmonary resuscitation providers. but the development of these skill is hard, and the better educational strategies for improves this process are not identified. objective. to evaluate and compare the effectiveness of two methods for teaching cardiac arrhytmias to medical school students. material and methods. in the study, 99 medical school students was included and randomly allocated in two groups: four steps method group (n=51) and ten steps method group (n=48). in each group the assigned method was given in a conference of 60 minutes of duration. following, a specific test was made in each group for the evaluation of ？facility？, use and knowledge of methods. furthermore the skill for read arrhythmias was evaluated with a general test. results. basal characteristics are no different between groups before random allocation. the skill for read arrhythmias was better in the four steps group, because proportion of students with more than 30 points over 50 is greater (82% vs 19%; rr 4.39, ic 95% 2.40-8.02; nnt 2), median of scores is better (34 ± 8 vs 23 ± 8; p value<0.01), the adequate order is more remembered (kappa 0.89 vs 0.56; p value<0.01) and is an easier method to learn. conclusions. the four steps method when is compared with a ten steps method raise the skill for read arrhythmias in medical school students, furthermore, is easier for learn and remember.

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